In order to let all parties at home and abroad better understand China's import development, we have compiled the 2020 China Import Ranking List, from provincial and municipal imports, urban imports, import source countries, industry imports, direct customs imports, high-tech industrial development zones imports, economic and technological development zones imports, special economic zones imports, and insurance. The import situation of China is analyzed from the perspective of import in the tax area, in order to fully understand the latest trend and changes of China's import market development in 2019.
I. 2019 Import Ranking of Chinese Provinces and Cities
Guangdong Province is the province with the largest import scale in China in 2019. In 2019, the province with the largest import scale in China was Guangdong Province, with an import scale of 407 billion US dollars, accounting for 19.59% of the total national imports. In 2019, the top five import provinces and cities were Guangdong Province, Beijing City, Shanghai City, Jiangsu Province and Shandong Province, and the imports of these five provinces and cities accounted for about 70% of the country's imports. The top five import provinces in 2018 are also Guangdong, Beijing, Shanghai, Jiangsu and Shandong provinces in order.
Hebei Province is the province with the largest increase in China's import scale in 2019. In terms of import scale, the import volume of Guangdong Province, Jiangsu Province, Shanghai City, Tianjin City, Liaoning Province, Jilin Province, Henan Province, Guizhou Province, Gansu Province, Tibet Autonomous Region, Hainan Province and Qinghai Province decreased, among which Guangdong Province, Jiangsu Province and Shanghai City decreased by about 31 billion US dollars and 252 billion respectively. Imports of other provinces have increased by billions of US dollars and 13.6 billion US dollars, of which Hebei Province has increased the most, with an increase of about 3.76 billion US dollars.
From the perspective of import ranking, compared with 2018, the provinces and cities that improved in 2019 are Qinghai Province, Fujian Province, Shaanxi Province, Jiangxi Province, Chongqing City, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Hebei Province and Anhui Province, all of which have all increased by one place; Heilongjiang Province, Henan Province, Tianjin City, Gansu Province and West Province have decreased. The Tibetan Autonomous Region and Jilin Province decreased by 2, 2, 1, 1, 1 and 1 respectively.
Judging from the proportion of imports in the country, the top five provinces and cities with the largest increase in import share are Beijing, Shandong, Zhejiang, Hebei and Sichuan, with an increase of 0.57, 0.30, 0.13, 0.21 and 0.16 percentage points respectively; the top five provinces with the largest decline in import share. The cities are Guangdong Province, Jiangsu Province, Tianjin City, Shanghai City and Liaoning Province, with a decrease of 0.92, 0.87, 0.42, 0.25 and 0.20 percentage points, respectively.
II. 2019 China Urban Import Ranking
Shenzhen is the first city in China's import scale in 2019. In 2019, of the 117 cities in the statistics, the largest number of imports was still Shenzhen City, with an import scale of 1894 billion US dollars, accounting for 9.12% of the total national imports. In 2019, the top five import cities are Shenzhen, Suzhou, Dongyu, Guangzhou and Ningbo in turn. The ranking of the top five import cities in 2019 and 2018 has not changed.
Guangzhou is the city with the largest increase in China's import scale in 2019. Compared with 2018, the five cities with the largest import increase in 2019 were Guangzhou, Qingdao, Chongzuo, Chengdu and Wuhan, with an increase of $5.17 billion, $3.99 billion, $2.68 billion, $2.63 billion and $2.41 billion respectively, with the largest decline in imports. The five cities of Suzhou, Shenzhen, Dalian, Dongyu and Huizhou, fell by $20.2 billion, $18.2 billion, $8 billion, $7.8 billion and $4.2 billion, respectively.
In 2019, the five cities with the largest increase in urban imports accounted for the total import share of the country were Guangzhou, Qingdao, Chengdu, Chongzuo and Wuhan. The import share increased by 0.33, 0.24, 0.17, 0.14 and 0.13 percentage points, respectively. The five cities with the largest decline in import share were Suzhou. Shenzhen, Dalian, Dongyu and Huizhou fell 0.78, 0.60, 0.33, 0.27 and 0.18 percentage points, respectively.
III. 2019 China Import Origin Ranking
South Korea was the largest source of imports in China in 2019. In 2019, among the 231 countries and regions in the statistics, China's largest import source was South Korea. China's imports from South Korea reached 173.6 billion US dollars, accounting for 8.36% of China's total imports. In 2019, China's top five import sources were South Korea, Taiwan, Japan, the United States and Australia. The combined import share of these five major import sources accounted for 36.71% of China's total imports. In 2018, the top five import origins were South Korea, Japan, Taiwan, China, the United States and Germany. The combined import share of these five import sources accounted for 41.45% of China's total imports.
Australia was the country with the largest increase in imports in 2019. In terms of the change of import scale, compared with 2018, China's imports from Australia, Malaysia, Saudi Arabia, Argentina and Ireland increased more in 2019, with 15.6 billion US dollars, 8.6 billion US dollars, 8.2 billion US dollars, 3.8 billion US dollars and 2.5 billion US dollars respectively. In terms of China's import share, China's import share from Australia, Saudi Arabia, Malaysia, Argentina and Ireland increased the most in 2019, with 0.53, 0.30, 0.28, 0.18 and 0.10 percentage points, respectively.
IV. 2019 China Industrial Import Ranking
Mechanical and electrical products are the largest imported products in China in 2019. In 2019, the industry with the largest import scale was motors, electrical equipment and their parts; tape recorders and amplifiers, television images, sound recording and replay equipment and their parts and accessories, with an import value of 497.4 billion US dollars, and the import share of this industry's imports reached 23.95% of the country's total imports.
In 2019, China's top five import industries are: (1) motors, electrical equipment and their parts; tape recorders and amplifiers, television images, sound recording and replay equipment and their parts and accessories; (2) fossil fuels, mineral oils and their distillation products; asphalt substances; mineral waxes; (3) nuclear reactions Stacks, boilers, machines, mechanical devices and their parts; (4) ore, slag and ash; (5) optical, photographic, film, metrology, inspection, medical or surgical instruments and equipment, precision instruments and equipment; parts and accessories of the above-mentioned articles. The combined imports of these five major import industries account for 62.47% of the country's total imports.
V. 2019 Import Ranking of Customs Directly under China
Shanghai Customs is the largest import customs in China in 2019. In 2019, Shanghai Customs was the largest importing customs in China, with an import scale of 380.4 billion US dollars, accounting for 18.32% of the country's total imports. The first five major import customs in 2019 are Shanghai Customs, Shenzhen Customs, Nanjing Customs, Qingdao Customs and Huangpu Customs. These five major customs total imports account for 53.6% of the country's total imports; the top ten customs account for 71.96% of the country's total imports.
VI. 2019 China High-tech Industrial Development Zone Import Ranking
Chengdu High-tech Industrial Development Zone is the most imported high-tech industrial development zone in China in 2019. In 2019, of the 46 high-tech industrial development zones in 2019, Chengdu High-tech Industrial Development Zone had the largest import scale, with 30.9 billion US dollars, accounting for 1.49% of the country's total imports and 33% of the total imports of 46 high-tech industrial development zones. The five high-tech industrial development zones with the largest import in China are Chengdu High-tech Industrial Development Zone, Wuxi High-tech Industrial Development Zone, Guangzhou High-tech Industrial Development Zone, Suzhou High-tech Industrial Development Zone and Huizhou High-tech Industrial Development Zone. The total imports of the five high-tech industrial development zones account for the whole country. 3.8% of the total imports account for 85% of the total imports of 46 high-tech industrial development zones. The import scale of Chengdu High-tech Industrial Development Zone is 4.8 times that of Huizhou High-tech Industrial Development Zone, ranked 5th, and 30 times that of Hefei High-tech Industrial Development Zone, ranked 10th.
VII. 2019 China Economic and Technological Development Zone Import Ranking
Tianjin Economic and Technological Development Zone is the most imported economic and technological development zone in China in 2019. In 2019, of the 64 economic and technological development zones in statistics, Tianjin Economic and Technological Development Zone had the largest import scale, which was 19.7 billion US dollars, accounting for 0.95% of the total imports in the country and about 17% of the total imports of 64 economic and technological development zones. The five largest economic and technological development zones in China are Tianjin Economic and Technological Development Zone, Beijing Economic and Technological Development Zone, Ningbo Economic and Technological Development Zone, Guangzhou Economic and Technological Development Zone and Dalian Economic and Technological Development Zone. The total imports of these five economic and technological development zones account for 3.1% of the country's total imports, accounting for 64. About 56% of the total import volume of each economic and technological development zone. The import scale of Tianjin Economic and Technological Development Zone is 5 times that of Hangzhou Economic and Technological Development Zone, ranked 10th, and 15.5 times that of Wuhu Economic and Technological Development Zone, ranked 20th.
VIII. 2019 China Special Economic Zone Import Ranking
Shenzhen Special Economic Zone is the most imported special economic zone in China in 2019. In 2019, of the five special economic zones in Shenzhen, the largest import scale was 188.3 billion US dollars, accounting for 9.12% of the total imports in the country and about 73% of the total imports of the five special economic zones. The import scale of Shenzhen Special Economic Zone is 95.4 times that of Shantou Special Economic Zone, which ranks last. The total imports of these five special economic zones account for 12.5% of the total imports in the country. Compared with 2018, only Xiamen Special Economic Zone's import scale has expanded, with an increase of 1.376 billion US dollars. Among the special economic zones with reduced import scale, Shenzhen Special Economic Zone's imports have decreased the most, at 18.44 billion US dollars.
IX. 2019 China Bonded Area Import Ranking
Shanghai Waigaoqiao Free Trade Zone is the bonded area with the largest imports in China in 2019. In 2019, of the 10 bonded areas, the Shanghai Overseas Gaoqiao Bonded Area had the largest import volume, which was 96.85 billion US dollars, accounting for 4.66% of the country's total imports and about 67% of the total imports of the 10 bonded areas. The five largest bonded areas in China are Shanghai Overseas Gaoqiao Bonded Area, Shenzhen Futian Bonded Area, Ningbo Bonded Area, Tianjin Port Bonded Area and Guangzhou Bonded Area. The total imports of these five bonded areas account for 6.71% of the country's total imports and about 96% of the total imports of 64 economic and technological development zones. The import scale of Shanghai Waigaoqiao Free Trade Zone is 907 times that of Shantou Free Trade Zone, ranked 10th. Compared with 2018, the import value of Shanghai Overseas Gaoqiao Free Trade Zone expanded the most, at 3.7 billion US dollars; Shenzhen Futian Free Trade Zone has the largest reduction in import value, at 7.2 billion US dollars.
(Author: Wei Hao, Professor of School of Economics and Business Administration, Beijing Normal University and Director of the National Import Research Center; Li Mingyu, School of Economics and Business Administration, Beijing Normal University)
Table 1 2019 China Province and City Import Ranking (31 Provinces and Cities)
Placement Province and city Score as a proportion of total imports in the country (%)
1 Guangdong Province 100 19.59
2 Beijing 84 16.42
3 Shanghai 72 14.20
4 Jiangsu Province 58 11.30
5 Shandong Province 33 6.49
6 Zhejiang Province 28 5.42
7 Fujian Province 18 3.51
8 Tianjin 15 3.03
9 Liaoning Province 15 2.88
10 Sichuan Province 10 2.01
11 Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 7.48 1.47
12 Chongqing 7.41 1.45
13 Anhui Province 6.96 1.36
14 Henan Province 6.94 1.36
15 Shaanxi Province 5.85 1.15
16 Hebei Province 5.81 1.14
17 Heilongjiang Province 5.41 1.06
18 Hubei Province 5.20 1.02
19 Yunnan Province 4.59 0.90
20 Hunan Province 4.51 0.88
21 Jiangxi Province 3.62 0.71
22 Jilin Province 3.49 0.68
23 Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region 2.57 0.50
24 Shanxi Province 2.28 0.45
25 Hainan Province 2.01 0.39
26 Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region 1.39 0.27
27 Gansu Province 0.89 0.17
28 Guizhou Province 0.45 0.09
29 Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region 0.33 0.06
30 Qinghai Province 0.06 0.01
31 Tibet Autonomous Region 0.04 0.01
Data source: According to the data collation and calculation of the consignee and consignor of import and export commodities of the General Administration of Customs in 2019.
Table 2 2019 China Urban Import Ranking (Top 20)
Placement City Score as a proportion of total imports in the country (%)
1 Shenzhen 100 9.12
2 Suzhou 67 6.12
3 Dongyu City 40 3.61
4 Guangzhou 36 3.31
5 Ningbo City 25 2.24
6 Xiamen City 22 2.01
7 Qingdao 19.27 1.757
8 Chengdu 19.24 1.754
9 Dalian City 18.55 1.691
10 Hangzhou 15.20 1.386
11 Wuxi City 14.43 1.315
12 Nanjing City 13.96 1.273
13 Xi'an 11.59 1.057
14 Zhengzhou 11.06 1.008
15 Zhuhai 9.63 0.878
16 Yantai City 8.99 0.820
17 Foshan City 8.43 0.769
18 Wuhan 8.24 0.752
19 Daqing City 7.64 0.696
20 Huizhou City 6.81 0.621
Data source: According to the data collation and calculation of the consignee and consignor of import and export commodities of the General Administration of Customs in 2019.
Table 3 2019 China Import Origin Ranking (Top 20)
Place Import source countries and regions Scores account for the proportion of total imports in the country (%)
1 South Korea 100 8.36
2 Taiwan, China 99.67 8.33
3 Japan 99 8.27
4 United States 71 5.91
5 Australia 70 5.85
6 Germany 61 5.06
7 Brazil 46 3.84
8 Malaysia 41 3.46
9 Vietnam 37 3.09
10 Russia 35 2.94
11 Saudi Arabia 31 2.61
12 Thailand 27 2.22
13 Singapore 20 1.695
14 Indonesia 20 1.640
15 France 19 1.569
16 Canada 16 1.356
17 Switzerland 15.706 1.313
18 Chile 15.114 1.263
19 South Africa 14.935 1.248
20 United Kingdom 13.768 1.151
Data source: According to the 2019 import and export commodity country (region) data of the General Administration of Customs.
Table 4 2019 China Industry Import Ranking (Top 10)
HS-2 digit industry Score as a proportion of total imports in the country (%)
1 Motors, electrical equipment and their parts; tape recorders and amplifiers, television images, recording and replay equipment for sound and their parts, accessories 100 23.95
2 Fossil fuels, mineral oils and their distillation products; asphalt substances; mineral wax 70 16.66
3 Nuclear reactors, boilers, mechanical equipment and spare parts 38 9.16
4 Ore, slag and ash 33 7.95
5 Optical, photographic, film, metrology, inspection, medical or surgical instruments and equipment, precision instruments and equipment; parts of the above-mentioned items, accessories 20 4.75
6 Vehicles, their parts, accessories, except railway and tramway vehicles 15 3.62
7 Plastics and their products 14 3.45
8 Natural or Cultured Pearls, Gemstones or Semiprecious Stones, Precious Metals, Wrap Precious Metals and Their Products; Imitation Jewelry; Coins 12.1 2.90
9 Organic chemicals 11.6 2.77
10 Copper and its products 8.2 1.96
Data source: According to the 2019 import and export commodity data of the General Administration of Customs.
Table 5 2019 China Customs Import Ranking (Top 10)
Placement Customs Score as a proportion of total imports in the country (%)
1 Shanghai Customs 100 18.32
2 Shenzhen Customs 68 12.42
3 Nanjing Customs 50 9.13
4 Qingdao Customs 43 7.92
5 Whampoa Customs 32 5.80
6 Tianjin Customs 29 5.25
7 Ningbo Customs 19 3.49
8 Guangzhou Customs 18.7 3.42
9 Dalian Customs 18.0 3.29
10 Beijing Customs 15.9 2.92
Data source: According to the 2019 import and export commodity customs data of the General Administration of Customs.
Table 6 2019 China High-tech Industrial Development Zone Import Ranking (Top 10)
Position High-tech Industrial Development Zone Scores account for the proportion of total imports of 46 high-tech industrial development zones (%) as a proportion of total imports in the country (%)
1 Chengdu High-tech Industrial Development Zone 100 33.18 1.49
2 Wuxi High-tech Industrial Development Zone 80 26.45 1.19
3 Guangzhou High-tech Industrial Development Zone 31 10.19 0.457
4 Suzhou High-tech Industrial Development Zone 24 7.99 0.359
5 Huizhou High-tech Industrial Development Zone 21 6.86 0.308
6 Nanchang High-tech Industrial Development Zone 9.40 3.12 0.140
7 Kunming High-tech Industrial Development Zone 8.98 2.98 0.134
8 Changsha High-tech Industrial Development Zone 5.55 1.84 0.0827
9 Mianyang High-tech Industrial Development Zone 3.71 1.23 0.0552
10 Hefei High-tech Industrial Development Zone 3.32 1.10 0.0494
Data source: According to the data collation and calculation of the consignee and consignor of import and export commodities of the General Administration of Customs in 2019.
Table 7 2019 China Economic and Technological Development Zone Import Ranking (Top 10)
Placement Economic and Technological Development Zone Score The proportion of total imports of 64 economic and technological development zones (%) The proportion of total imports in the country (%)
1 Tianjin Economic and Technological Development Zone 100 17.18 0.95
2 Beijing Economic and Technological Development Zone 71 12.23 0.68
3 Ningbo Economic and Technological Development Zone 55 9.43 0.52
4 Guangzhou Economic and Technological Development Zone 53 9.06 0.50
5 Dalian Economic and Technological Development Zone 48 8.18 0.45
6 Qingdao Economic and Technological Development Zone 28.1 4.84 0.267
7 Yantai Economic and Technological Development Zone 28.0 4.80 0.265
8 Hefei Economic and Technological Development Zone 25.2 4.34 0.239
9 Taiyuan Economic and Technological Development Zone 21.8 3.74 0.207
10 Hangzhou Economic and Technological Development Zone 19.9 3.43 0.189
Data source: According to the data collation and calculation of the consignee and consignor of import and export commodities of the General Administration of Customs in 2019.
Table 8 2019 China Special Economic Zone Import Ranking
Placement Special Economic Zone Scores The proportion of total imports of the five economic and technological development zones (%) The proportion of the total import volume of the country (%)
1 Shenzhen Special Economic Zone 100 72.95 9.12
2 Xiamen Special Economic Zone 22.1 16.12 2.01
3 Zhuhai Special Economic Zone 9.63 7.02 0.88
4 Hainan Special Economic Zone 4.31 3.15 0.39
5 Shantou Special Economic Zone 1.05 0.76 0.096
Data source: According to the 2019 import and export commodity customs data of the General Administration of Customs.
Table 9 2019 China Bonded Area Import Ranking
Placement Bonded Area Score The proportion of total imports in 10 bonded areas (%) The proportion of the total imports of the country (%)
1 Shanghai Waigaoqiao Free Trade Zone 100 67.03 4.66
2 Shenzhen Futian Free Trade Zone 26 17.63 1.23
3 Ningbo Free Trade Zone 7.98 5.35 0.372
4 Tianjin Port Bonded Area 7.60 5.09 0.354
5 Guangzhou Free Trade Zone 1.98 1.33 0.092
6 Xiamen Xiangyu Free Trade Zone 1.97 1.32 0.092
7 Zhuhai Free Trade Zone 1.81 1.22 0.085
8 Dalian Free Trade Zone 1.25 0.838 0.058
9 Fuzhou Free Trade Zone 0.19 0.126 0.0088
10 Shantou Free Trade Zone 0.11 0.074 0.0051
Data source: According to the 2019 import and export commodity customs data of the General Administration of Customs.
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